Consumers see both shrink film and stretch wrap every day – from the tight, glossy film around multipacks of bottled water to the clear plastic that holds pallet loads together in a warehouse. The two materials look similar, but they serve different purposes and involve different application methods. Choosing the wrong film can result in unnecessary costs, product damage or poor presentation. This in‑depth guide, prepared by Premium Packaging, breaks down the distinctions between shrink wrap and stretch wrap, explains when each film should be used and answers common questions customers ask.
What is Shrink Wrap (Shrink Film)?
Shrink wrap, sometimes called shrink film, is a polymer film that contracts when heated. Manufacturers commonly use polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene films. During packaging, the film is loosely sealed around the product and then exposed to heat using a heat gun or heat tunnel. The film shrinks uniformly around the product to create a tight, tamper‑evident seal. This process gives shrink‑wrapped products their glossy, retail‑ready appearance. Typical uses include wrapping multipacks of water bottles, DVDs, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food items. Because shrink film conforms to the product’s shape, it not only protects the item from dust and moisture but also enhances presentation and extends shelf life.
Common materials
- Polyolefin (POF)– A strong, puncture‑resistant film with excellent clarity. POF shrink film is food‑safe and suitable for retail packaging.
- Polyethylene (PE)– A thicker film used for bundling heavier products. PE shrink film tightens when cooled rather than heated and provides a durable seal.
- PVC– A less expensive film with high clarity, but not widely used due to environmental concerns.
How shrink wrapping works?
- Product is enveloped –The product or group of products is placed in a shrink film bag or sleeve.
- Sealing –An L‑bar sealer or side sealer trims and seals the film around the product.
- Heat is applied –A heat gun or heat tunnel raises the film temperature to around 100–150 °C, causing it to shrink tightly around the item.
- Cooling –As the film cools, it contracts further, creating a snug, tamper‑evident seal.
Because heat is required, shrink wrapping typically involves more energy and specialised equipment than stretch wrapping. However, the resulting package is secure and attractive, making shrink wrap an ideal choice for retail displays, food packaging, and pharmaceuticals.
What is Stretch Wrap?
Stretch wrap (or stretch film) is a highly stretchable plastic film made from linear low‑density polyethylene (LLDPE). Instead of shrinking with heat, stretch film uses its elasticity to wrap tightly around products or pallets. When stretched by hand or machine, the film elongates – often up to 300 % of its original length – and then exerts a constrictive force as it attempts to return to its original size. This tension holds loads together and prevents shifting during transport. Typical applications include stabilising cartons on pallets, bundling construction materials, securing irregular loads and protecting goods from dirt and moisture.
Types of stretch film
- Hand stretch film –Shorter and lighter rolls designed for manual application. A handheld dispenser is used to wrap pallets by walking around them.
- Machine stretch film –Longer and wider rolls are used with pallet wrapping machines. Machine wraps are recommended for operations that wrap more than 15 pallets per day.
- Blown stretch film –Manufactured using a blown extrusion process; offers greater puncture resistance and is suitable for heavy or irregular loads.
- Cast stretch film –Produced by a cast extrusion process; provides consistent thickness, quiet unwinding and clings to itself for secure hold.
- Pre‑stretched film –Already stretched during manufacturing, reducing the force required during application and minimising film use.
How stretch wrapping works
- Film is anchored –The film is attached to the pallet or product.
- Stretching –The film is stretched around the load either manually or by machine. The tension created as the movie tries to return to its original length exerts a compressive force.
- Layering –Multiple layers are wrapped from the bottom to the top of the load, overlapping edges to achieve load containment.
- Securing –The end of the film is tucked under a previous layer or heat‑sealed (for machine applications).
Stretch wrap does not require heat, so equipment investment and operating costs are typically lower than for shrink wrapping.
Key Differences Between Shrink Wrap and Stretch Wrap
The table below summarises the core differences between the two films. These distinctions help determine which film is appropriate for a given application.
| Feature | Shrink Wrap (Shrink Film) | Stretch Wrap (Stretch Film) |
| Materials | Made from polyolefin, polyethylene or PVC | Made from linear low‑density polyethylene (LLDPE) |
| Application method | Film is applied loosely around the product and then heated to shrink it tightly | Film is stretched around the load; no heat is used |
| Equipment | Requires heat guns, L‑sealers, side sealers and heat tunnels | Uses hand dispensers or pallet wrapping machines; available in manual, semi‑automatic and fully automatic versions |
| Typical use cases | Retail packaging, food, pharmaceuticals, multipacks and tamper‑evident packages | Securing pallets, bulk shipments, oversized or irregular loads; construction materials |
| Look & presentation | Creates a glossy, form‑fitting seal that enhances shelf appeal | Functional and less glossy; designed for load containment rather than presentation |
| Protection | Provides a sealed barrier against moisture, dust and tampering | Shields goods from dirt and minor moisture exposure |
| Cost & energy | Higher equipment and energy costs because heat is required | Lower cost, minimal equipment investment and no heat |
| Sustainability options | Polyolefin shrink films can be recyclable; biodegradable options available | Many stretch films are recyclable and pre‑stretched films reduce waste |
Summary of differences
The core difference lies in how each film is applied: stretch film uses tension to stabilise loads, whereas shrink wrap uses heat to create a tight seal. Shrink film is ideal for tamper‑evident retail or food packaging where presentation matters, while stretch film suits transporting palletised goods where load stability and cost efficiency are priorities. Stretch film is generally easier to recycle and requires less energy, while shrink film provides a more protective, sealed package.
Benefits of Shrink Wrap
- Product protection & tamper evidence– Shrink film creates a sealed barrier that protects goods from dust, moisture and contamination. Any tampering is immediately noticeable because the film must be cut or torn to open.
- Enhanced appearance & branding– The tight, glossy finish improves shelf appeal and allows for custom printing, giving businesses more branding space.
- Extended shelf life– When used with modified atmosphere packaging, shrink film can preserve freshness and extend the shelf life of produce.
- Versatility– Shrink wrap can package small consumer items, irregular shapes and even large industrial products. Polyolefin films provide excellent clarity and are safe for direct food contact.
- Custom fit– The film conforms tightly to the product’s shape, reducing excess material and ensuring a secure fit.
Benefits of Stretch Wrap
- Reduced shipping damage– Stretch film keeps pallet loads secure by applying uniform tension around the load, preventing boxes from shifting during transport.
- Protection from elements– The film shields goods from dirt, dust and moisture during storage and transit.
- Cost‑effective & low energy– Stretch wrapping equipment is generally cheaper and consumes less energy because it doesn’t require heat. Pre‑stretched films reduce material usage further.
- Versatile load containment– Stretch wrap is effective for securing odd‑shaped loads, heavy materials, construction supplies or bulk pharmaceuticals.
- Sustainability– Many stretch films are recyclable, and manufacturers offer biodegradable or eco‑friendly options.
How to Choose Between Shrink Wrap and Stretch Wrap?
The decision depends on the product, your packaging objectives and operational constraints. Consider the following factors:
Product type & presentation – If you need a glossy, retail‑ready package with tamper evidence (e.g., food, cosmetics or consumer goods), choose shrink wrap. For bundling heavy, palletised goods or construction materials where appearance is less critical, opt for stretch film.
Environmental conditions – For protection against water or contaminants, the shrink wrap’s sealed barrier is superior. Stretch wrap offers basic protection but may not be airtight.
Budget & equipment – Shrink wrap systems require heat tunnels and sealers, increasing capital and energy costs. Stretch wrapping is often more cost‑effective and easier to implement.
Volume & automation – For high‑volume palletising, machine stretch wrap provides speed and consistency. Shrink wrap systems are slower due to the application of heat, but they may be necessary for certain types of retail packaging.
Sustainability goals – If eco‑friendly packaging is a priority, evaluate recyclable or biodegradable films. Polyolefin shrink film and certain stretch films offer recyclable options.
Premium Packaging’s team can assess your operation and recommend the right film for your products and processes. Whether you require shrink packaging rolls for retail goods or high‑performance stretch wrap for pallet loads, we supply a wide range of packaging films and equipment tailored to Australian businesses.
Conclusion
Both shrink wrap and stretch wrap play vital roles in modern packaging. Shrink film excels in retail presentation, tamper evidence and product protection, while stretch film delivers cost‑effective load stability for shipping and warehousing. Understanding the differences helps businesses select the most suitable film and achieve optimal results.
Premium Packaging offers a comprehensive range of shrink packaging rolls, shrink films and stretch wraps tailored to Australian industry requirements. Contact our team for expert advice on selecting and implementing the best packaging solutions for your operation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the main difference between shrink wrap and stretch wrap?
Shrink wrap shrinks when heated to form a tight, tamper‑evident seal around the product. Stretch wrap relies on tension created when the film is stretched around a load; no heat is used.
Can I use stretch film in place of shrink film?
No. Shrink film does not stretch and cannot be used like stretch film, while stretch film does not shrink and cannot be sent through a heat tunnel or heat gun.
What types of products are best suited to shrink wrapping?
Shrink wrap is ideal for retail products, food items, pharmaceuticals, and multipacks that require tamper-evident packaging and a neat appearance.
When should I choose stretch wrap?
Choose stretch wrap for stabilising pallets, bulk shipments, construction materials or irregular loads. It’s cost‑effective and protects goods from dust and moisture.
Which film is more environmentally friendly?
Stretch films are generally easier to recycle, and many pre‑stretched or biodegradable options reduce waste. Polyolefin shrink films can also be recyclable. Always check with your supplier about available eco‑friendly films.
How do I determine the correct film thickness?
For shrink film, thickness (gauge or microns) is chosen based on product weight and desired durability; heavy multipacks may require thicker LDPE shrink film. For stretch film, gauge selection depends on load weight, sharp edges and desired stretch capability; standard gauges typically range from 40 to 120. Consulting a packaging expert ensures optimum film selection.
Do I need specialised equipment for shrink and stretch wrapping?
Yes. Shrink wrapping requires sealing equipment and heat sources such as heat guns or tunnels. Stretch wrapping can be done manually with a dispenser or via semi‑automatic and fully automatic pallet wrapping machines. The right equipment depends on your packaging volume and the desired level of efficiency.
